Pergeseran Legitimasi Sosio-Kultural dalam Politik Identitas Lokal: Studi Politik Genealogis dan Elektoral di Pilkades Tohe Leten, Kecamatan Raihat, Kabupaten Belu, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2019

Talok, Yonas Engelbert (2025) Pergeseran Legitimasi Sosio-Kultural dalam Politik Identitas Lokal: Studi Politik Genealogis dan Elektoral di Pilkades Tohe Leten, Kecamatan Raihat, Kabupaten Belu, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2019. Masters (S2) thesis, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University.

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Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dinamika politik identitas dan pergeseran legitimasi sosio- kultural dalam pemilihan kepala desa (Pilkades) Tohe Leten tahun 2019. Secara khusus, studi ini menyoroti bagaimana pemilih desa mulai menggeser orientasi pilihan politik mereka dari dasar genealogis dan struktur adat (uma) menuju pertimbangan representasi fungsional, kedekatan sosial, serta program-program ekonomi yang relevan dengan kebutuhan sehari-hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, serta studi dokumentasi. Kerangka teori yang digunakan mengacu pada teori politik identitas dan hegemoni kultural (Gramsci), untuk menganalisis proses artikulasi identitas dan legitimasi kepemimpinan dalam konteks lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun identitas genealogis tetap memiliki nilai simbolik dalam kampanye politik desa, legitimasi elektoral kini semakin ditentukan oleh kapasitas sosial kandidat untuk hadir dan memberi solusi konkret terhadap persoalan warga. Kemenangan Wilhelmus Bau, seorang kandidat dari suku minoritas Bunak dan bukan berasal dari uma dominan, mencerminkan pergeseran menuju legitimasi yang lebih inklusif dan berbasis kinerja. Transformasi ini juga dipengaruhi oleh akses teknologi komunikasi, mobilitas sosial perantau, serta meningkatnya kesadaran warga terhadap pentingnya peran kepala desa dalam pelayanan publik. Dalam konteks ini, politik identitas lokal tidak lagi bersifat statis dan primordial, tetapi telah menjadi lebih strategis dan terbuka terhadap figur alternatif yang mampu membangun kepercayaan lintas komunitas. Kata kunci: politik identitas, legitimasi, genealogis, Pilkades Tohe Leten 2019, hegemoni kultural, Summary This thesis explores the dynamics of identity politics and the shifting socio-cultural legitimacy in the 2019 village head election (Pilkades) of Tohe Leten, located in Raihat Subdistrict, Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The study focuses on how traditional genealogical-based leadership selection patterns have gradually shifted towards more functional and inclusive political preferences, driven by social proximity, economic programs, and performance-based legitimacy. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The theoretical framework draws on identity politics and Gramscian cultural hegemony to analyze the articulation of power, identity, and legitimacy in the rural electoral context. The findings reveal that while genealogical identity (uma or clan affiliation) still holds symbolic weight in village campaigns, it is no longer the sole determinant of electoral success. The victory of Wilhelmus Bau, a candidate from the minority Bunak ethnic group with non-dominant genealogical ties, signifies a major shift toward representational-functional legitimacy. This shift is further influenced by everyday socioeconomic challenges, mobile communication technology, and the evolving expectations of village constituents. Identity politics in Tohe Leten has thus transitioned from being rigidly primordial to becoming more strategic, adaptive, and performance-oriented, reflecting a deepening of democratic engagement at the village level. Keywords: identity politics, legitimacy, genealogy, village election, cultural hegemony, rural leadership

Item Type: Thesis (Masters (S2))
Uncontrolled Keywords: politik identitas, legitimasi, genealogis, Pilkades Tohe Leten 2019, hegemoni kultural, identity politics, legitimacy, genealogy, village election, cultural hegemony, rural leadership
Subjects: J Political Science > JC Political theory
J Political Science > JF Political institutions (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Social and Political Sciences > Master in Political science Study Program
Depositing User: 50 Endah Sugiartiningsih UWKS
Date Deposited: 03 Feb 2026 02:04
Last Modified: 03 Feb 2026 02:04
URI: http://erepository.uwks.ac.id/id/eprint/21626

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